The Global Peatlands Initiative (GPI) is a collaborative effort launched in 2016 at the UNFCCC COP in Marrakech, aimed at conserving and restoring peatlands, which serve as the planet's largest terrestrial organic carbon reservoirs. With an emphasis on preventing the significant greenhouse gas emissions associated with degraded and burned peatlands—amounting to approximately two billion tonnes of CO2 annually—the GPI engages experts and institutions worldwide to enhance peatland management.

The initiative works on two levels: globally, it assesses the status and significance of peatlands within the carbon cycle and national economies, aligning with the Paris Agreement’s climate goals. At the national level, it provides tailored support to pilot countries, including Indonesia and the Congo nations, focusing on sustainable management strategies and practices.

Funded by Germany's International Climate Initiative, the GPI also facilitates collaborations and knowledge-sharing to adapt practices and promote the transition to a Green Economy, actively combating climate change while securing livelihoods and ecosystem services.