Stołeczna Operacja Referendalna (SOR) is a grassroots, non-party civic initiative formed by Warsaw residents to seek a referendum on recalling the city’s mayor and council. Its campaign gathered 111,000 signatures in 60 days, supported by hundreds of volunteers, but did not reach the statutory threshold required for a referendum. The initiative credits its volunteers and community network with building a large-scale operation through residents’ unpaid work and limited resources.

SOR is now developing into Stołeczna Organizacja Rozwoju, a continuing civic organization focused on accountability and practical engagement in Warsaw’s affairs. Its planned work includes monitoring decisions made by City Hall and district authorities, reviewing municipal spending, budgets and investments, and presenting proposals for change. The organization also aims to intervene on issues raised by residents, mobilize local communities around specific concerns, and develop a policy alternative for the city. Through these activities, it seeks to give residents a sustained role in scrutinizing local government and shaping Warsaw’s development.