The South Ural Federal Research and Clinical Center of Medical Biophysics is a research and healthcare institution within Russia’s Federal Medical-Biological Agency, based in Chelyabinsk. Founded in 1955, the center combines scientific research, clinical care and expert assessment, with a focus on radiobiology, radiation medicine and radiation safety. Its work includes developing the scientific basis for improving public protection from radiation exposure.

The center conducts research through specialist institutes, laboratories and departments covering radiation biology, radiological protection, radiation epidemiology, genetics, biophysics and related fields. It also participates in international projects and supports scientific publications, conferences and collaboration. Its intellectual property includes patents, registered developments and know-how.

Clinical services include outpatient appointments and hematological care. The clinical department provides medical assistance to people affected by radiation exposure connected with the Mayak accident and the Techa River, as well as their descendants. The center also hosts the Chelyabinsk Interdepartmental Expert Council, which considers links between illness, disability or death and radiation factors for eligible residents of the Ural Federal District.